What Causes Blood in Stool?

Seeing bright red blood in your stool can be unsettling. But don’t panic just yet. Understanding what causes blood in stool and knowing some natural remedies can provide relief and peace of mind.

Blood in stool, medically known as hematochezia, is a sign of bleeding somewhere in the digestive tract. While it can be alarming, the colour of the blood can provide valuable clues about its source.

Causes of Blood in Stool

Medically termed as hematochezia, blood in stool signifies bleeding somewhere within the digestive tract.

Under normal circumstances, faeces should have a brown hue, making red or black colours abnormal.

But are bloody stools always a cause for alarm? What does their presence indicate?

Blood in stool commonly stems from bleeding in the upper or lower gastrointestinal tract, with blood colour ranging from bright red to black.

While minor blood amounts might not warrant immediate concern, substantial bleeding can pose significant issues.

The colour of blood in the stool can hint at the bleeding’s location. Sometimes, rectal bleeding rather than internal bleeding leads to bloody stool.

The visibility of blood in stool varies from inconspicuous to alarmingly obvious. Regardless, seeing blood in stool is never entirely normal. Though not always dire, it’s certainly a red flag.

Blood in stool can originate from anywhere within the digestive system, spanning from the mouth to the anus.

When bleeding occurs in the upper digestive tract (like the oesophagus or stomach), it often results in black or tarry stools, medically known as melena. Conversely, bright red blood or maroon-coloured stools typically indicate lower digestive tract issues, such as in the colon, small intestine, or anus.

Upper GI bleeding, leading to black or tarry stools, may be caused by:

Upper GI Bleeding:

• Bleeding from the oesophagus, stomach, or upper intestine can result in black or tarry stools (melena).
• Causes include ulcers, tears from violent vomiting, gastritis, and more.

Lower GI Bleeding:

• Bright red blood or maroon-coloured stools usually indicate bleeding from the colon, rectum, or anus.
• Hemorrhoids, anal fissures, diverticulosis, and inflammatory bowel diseases are common culprits.

Symptoms of Blood in Stool

The primary indicator of blood in stool is evident: the presence of bloody feces.

It’s crucial to recognize that any alterations in stool color, including the appearance of blood, signify potential health issues. While some individuals might overlook blood in stool, assuming it’s inconsequential, others may experience additional concerning symptoms alongside it, such as:

• Changes in bowel habits
• Abdominal discomfort
• Weakness
• Breathing difficulties
• Vomiting
• Heart palpitations
• Bloody diarrhea
• Unexplained weight loss

The specific symptoms accompanying blood in stool vary depending on the underlying cause, the duration of bleeding, and the extent of blood loss.

What about mucus in stool? A small amount of mucus in stool is normal. However, an increase in mucus, coupled with changes in bowel habits or the presence of blood in stool, warrants medical attention as it may indicate a more serious issue.

Diagnosing the Issue

Significant changes in stool typically necessitate diagnostic testing to identify the root cause and pinpoint the source of bleeding.

To establish a diagnosis, physicians may recommend various conventional tests for individuals experiencing abnormal stool colour. Diagnostic tests may include:

• Angiography
• Barium studies
• Bleeding scans
• Blood tests, including a complete blood count and others
• Colonoscopy
• Double balloon enteroscopy
• Stool analysis
• Testing for the presence of H. pylori infection
• Upper endoscopy or capsule endoscopy

Curious about the prevalence of polyps or cancer contributing to red stools? Colon polyps can initially be benign with no symptoms but may grow, bleed, or progress to cancer. Colorectal cancer, the third most common cancer in the United States, can cause bleeding often unnoticed by the naked eye. Regular medical check-ups are crucial for individuals at risk of colorectal cancer.

Conventional Treatment Options

Conventional medical treatment for bloody stools typically involves addressing the underlying cause and managing discomfort.

Treatment recommendations from healthcare providers may include:

• Following a high-fiber diet
• Avoiding trigger foods
• Discontinuing or reducing the use of anti-inflammatory medications like aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen
• Taking sitz baths to alleviate discomfort from anal fissures and hemorrhoids
• Medications, such as antibiotics, to eradicate H. pylori infection
• Anti-inflammatory drugs to treat colitis
• Surgical intervention to remove polyps or damaged sections of the rectum/colon
• Endoscopic interventions like injecting chemicals or applying bands/clips to stop bleeding vessels

Several natural approaches can enhance overall digestive health and promote regular bowel movements.

Natural Remedies

Bleeding Stomach Ulcer:

• Dietary Changes: Avoid spicy foods, caffeine, and alcohol while increasing intake of fiber-rich foods.
• Cabbage Juice: Known for its healing properties, cabbage juice can soothe ulcers effectively.

Gastritis:

• Healthy Diet: Emphasize vegetables, fruits, and high-quality proteins while avoiding triggers like spicy foods.
• Licorice Root: Contains compounds that soothe stomach inflammation.

Diverticulitis:

• Bone Broth: Rich in nutrients, bone broth aids gut repair and reduces inflammation.
• High-Fiber Diet: Essential for diverticulitis management, fibre-rich foods prevent flare-ups.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease/Crohn’s Disease:

• Slippery Elm: Known for its soothing properties, it helps calm inflammation in the digestive tract.
• Crohn’s Disease Diet: Focus on anti-inflammatory foods and stress management techniques.

Ulcerative Colitis:

• Turmeric: Contains curcumin, which has anti-inflammatory properties that are beneficial for ulcerative colitis.
• Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Found in fish and flaxseeds, omega-3s help reduce inflammation.

Risks and Side Effects

Seek medical attention if you experience large amounts of blood, rapid heart rate, lightheadedness, or weakness. Be cautious with dietary changes and supplements, especially if you have underlying health conditions.

Conclusion

Blood in stool is a concerning symptom that warrants attention and investigation. Understanding the possible causes and adopting natural remedies can help manage the condition effectively. Remember to seek medical advice for proper diagnosis and treatment tailored to your individual needs.

FAQs about Blood in Stool

Q: When should I worry about blood in my stool?

A: Any unexplained bleeding should prompt concern, especially if accompanied by other symptoms like abdominal pain or weakness.

Q: Can haemorrhoids cause blood in stool?

A: Yes, haemorrhoids are a common cause of bright red blood in the stool. However, it’s essential to rule out other potential causes, especially if symptoms persist.

Q: Are there any foods that can temporarily change stool colour?

A: Yes, foods like beets, tomatoes, black liquorice, and blueberries can temporarily alter stool colour. Iron supplements and certain medications may also have similar effects.

Q: How can I improve digestive health to prevent blood in stool?

A: Eating a balanced diet rich in fibre, staying hydrated, managing stress, and avoiding excessive use of NSAIDs can promote digestive health and reduce the risk of bleeding.

Q: Is blood in stool always a sign of cancer?

A: No, blood in the stool can have various causes, including haemorrhoids, anal fissures, or inflammatory bowel diseases. However, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and diagnosis.